Use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in hospital patients with covid-19: Multinational network cohort study

Prats-Uribe, A., Rheumatology, University of Oxford Medical Sciences Division, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom; Sena, Anthony G., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Titusville, NJ, United States, Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands; Lai, Lana Yin Hui, School of Medical Sciences, Manchester, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom; Ahmed, Waheed Ul Rahman, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford Medical Sciences Division, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, College of Medicine and Health, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom; Alghoul, Heba, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine; Alser, Osaid H., Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Alshammari, Thamir M., College of Pharmacy, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Riyad, Saudi Arabia; Areia, Carlos, Critical Care Research Group, University of Oxford Medical Sciences Division, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom; Carter, William, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Casajust, Paula, Trial Form Support, Real-World Evidence, Barcelona, Spain; Dawoud, Dalia M., Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Cairo, Egypt, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), London, United Kingdom; Golozar, Asieh, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, United States, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; JONNAGADDALA, Jitendra, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Mehta, Paras P., University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson, Tucson, AZ, United States; Gong, Mengchun, DHC Technologies, Beijing, Beijing, China; Morales, Daniel R., University of Dundee School of Medicine, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom, Department of Public Health, Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Syddanmark, Denmark; Nyberg, Fredrik, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Akademin, Gothenburg, Vastra Gotaland, Sweden; Posada, Jose D., Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States; Recalde, Martina, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain; Roel, Elena, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain; Shah, Karishma, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford Medical Sciences Division, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom; Shah, Nigam Haresh, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States; Schilling, Lisa M., University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Subbian, Vignesh, College of Engineering, Tucson, AZ, United States; Vizcaya, David, Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Sant Joan Despi, Spain; Zhang, Lin, School of Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Zhang, Ying, DHC Technologies, Beijing, Beijing, China; Zhu, Hong, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Liu, Li, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Cho, Jaehyeong, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea; Lynch, Kristine E., VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure, VA Medical Center, North Chicago, United States; Matheny, Michael Edwin, VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure, VA Medical Center, North Chicago, United States, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; You, Seng-chan, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Rijnbeek, Peter R., Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands; Hripcsak, George M., Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Lane, Jennifer C.E., and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford Medical Sciences Division, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom; Burn, Edward A.O., Rheumatology, University of Oxford Medical Sciences Division, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain; Reich, Christian G., IQVIA Inc., Durham, NC, United States; Suchard, Marc A., Department of Biostatistics, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Duarte-Salles, Talita, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain; Kostka, Kristin Feeney, IQVIA Inc., Durham, NC, United States, OHDSI Center at the Roux Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States; Ryan, Patrick Barry, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Titusville, NJ, United States, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States; Prieto-Alhambra, Daniel, Rheumatology, University of Oxford Medical Sciences Division, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom